middle+ages

Activity 2 PPT 1

1.The Roman Empire fell, due to outside attacks and disease that were brought on by trade. 2. Example 1: It means nobody is above the law, not the king, not the senate, not the people, not the police. Example 2: Laws are written down and must be respected by anyone. 3. For safety and for defense, people in the Middle Ages formed small communities around a central lord or "master". Most people lived on a manor, (the castle, the church, the village, and the surrounding farm land. These manors were isolated, with occasional visits from peddlers, pilgrims on their way to the Crusades, or soldiers from other fiefdoms. 4. The Knights responsibilities were to let serfs work the land and in return they would protect them. 5. 1066 William of Normandy invaded England. 6. Battles between Christians and Muslims in the Middle East. 7. The period that best describes the time of Greece and Rome 500 B.C.- 600 A.D. 8. It was signed in the year 1215. 9. The Church was so powerful in Western Civilization. The Church was led by Popes. Priests and nuns converted, gave care to people.Monks were spiritual leaders. They lived in monasteries that acted like trade schools and YMCAs. They spent years transcribing the Bible since the printing press wasn’t used in Europe yet.

PPT 2

Define - Dark Ages - (500 CE- 1000 CE)- scholars named this as a time when the forces of darkness (barbarians) overwhelmed the forces of light (Romans) Barbarian - a person in a savage, primitive state; uncivilized person. Heresy - Roman Catholic Church. The willful and persistent rejection of any article of faith by a baptized member of the church. Monks - were people who gave up worldly possessions and devote themselves to a religious life. Justinian Code - or “Body of Civil Law” that defined civil law in the Middle Ages and the modern world. Salic Law - assigned a specific financial value to everyone and everything; concept of trial options (trial by oath and trial by ordeal) Primogeniture - system where eldest son inherited everything (instead of dividing land / property / wealth). Fief - land given by a lord in return for a vassal’s military service and oath of loyalty. Tithe- tax that serfs paid (tax or rent) Serf - aka villains or common peasants who worked the lords land. Corvee - condition of unpaid labor by serfs (maintaining roads or ditches on a manor).

Who were - St. Augustine – was a person who wrote “confessions” which talked about the ideas of ethic, self knowledge, and the role of the free will which shaped monastic influence and the influence of the church. Justinian the Great – was the Byzantine Emperor his goal to reunite the Roman world as a Christian Empire and suppressed all paganism Clovis I – was a man who united Frankish Tribes and expanded territory. Charlemagne – was a military general who restored Pope Leo III who had been exiled. William the Conqueror – was the King of England from Christmas, 1066 until his death. He was also William II, Duke of Normandy, from 3 July 1035 until his death. 1. Barbarians were a person in a savage, primitive state; uncivilized person. They were known as the forces of darkness during the Dark Ages. Due to the Rise of influence of barbarians as Roman Emperors they had granted barbarian mercenaries land with the Roman Empire in return for military service and it was these barbarians who eventually became the new rulers 2. Church was granted favors by Roman Emperors / Kings and in return the Church would endorse kings to help secure their rule and Kings looked to Church to supply educated administrators to help run kingdoms and in return kings would enforce laws that prohibited other religions 3. Monasticism is the religious practice in which someone renounces worldly pursuits to fully devote their life to spiritual work. 4. Feudalism worked because of the notion of mutual obligation, or voluntary co-operation from serf to noble. 5. The plague was a deadly disease that killed about a third of Europe’s population, an estimated 34 million people. The effects of the disease were it caused massive depopulation and change in social structure, weakened influence of Church, originated in Asia but was blamed on Jews and lepers 6. I think the most important was invention, because it was the solution and thought of what was created and it is what made a big impact in society PPT 3

1. Feudalism was a social, political, and economic system that dominated all aspects of medieval life 2. The economic portion of feudalism was centered on the lord's estates or manor, and is called manorialism. 3. The church had economic power and political power. The Church was the largest landholder, gained wealth through tithing and had its own laws and courts which frequently clashed with King’s authority. 4. The reasons for the crusades was the The Pope wanted to increase his power, Christians believed it was their duty to recover the Holy Land, nobles wanted to gain wealth, adventurers sought travel and excitement, Serfs hoped to escape feudal oppression. 5. The impact of trade fairs was that it fundamentally altered the way people lived in Europe, and marked the beginning of the end of feudalism as serfs began to pay their feudal obligations with cash instead of service. An economy based on money, not barter emerged 6. Renaissance means “rebirth”. It was a golden age in the arts, literature and sciences. It started in Italy because Italy had great Urban Centers, Wealthy Merchant Class and Classical Heritage. 7. Some of the new outlooks were -


 * Patrons of Arts, Church spent money beautifying Rome. Wealthy families supported artists, Renaissance man, Ideal individual strove to master all areas of study, “Universal man”, Renaissance woman, inspire but not create art
 * Less influential than middle age women
 * Enjoyment of Worldly Pleasures

8. Some of the greatest paintings, sculptures, and architecture in the history of the world during the time of Renaissance such as the Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci. 9. The impact of the pinting press was that by 1300 papermaking and print technology had reached Europe from China. Books become more available. Literacy increased and ideas spread rapidly because there was more than one source now were people could find and display thoughts and ideas. 10. Reformation was the Loss of religious and political unity in Western Europe. 11. In 1517 a German monk, named Martin Luther posted his famous 95 Theses against indulgences. It promoted radical idea that faith in God alone, not the Pope granted pardon for sins which is what sparked Protestant Reformation. 12. Counter Reformation was a reform movement that took place in the Catholic Church. The purpose was to strengthen the Catholic Church and keep Catholics from converting to Protestantism.



Activi﻿ty 3



Videos

1. About 50% of people died from the plage. 2. People who lived in the middle ages could not wear purlpe on the Kings and Queens could. 3. Almost all soilders had swords. 4. The black death is also called bubonic plague 5.They collect leeches by using their own body as bait 6.higher class people wore clothes made of velvet or silk 7.wealthy people wore woolen and colorful clothing 8.Kings and Queens are the only people who can wear purple 9.Regular bows were light and easy to carry around so it can shoot rapidly 10.peasants don't work on sundays and holy days